明朝田汝成所编写的《西湖游览志余 •偏安供豫》中所提到:“以纸灯内置关报放地下,以足沿街徽转之,谓之滚灯”。
Tian Rucheng of the Ming Dynasty wrote in the "West Lake Tour Chi Yu • Bianan supply": "With the paper lamp built-in closed report put underground, to foot along the street emblem, called rolling lamp."
滚灯起源于江浙一带,以其任意旋转而烛火不灭得名。南宋诗人范成大在诗作《上元纪吴中节物俳谐体三十二韵》中曾对滚灯作如下描绘:“掷烛腾空稳,推球滚地轻”,可见南宋时滚灯就已流行。
Rolling lamp originated in Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, because of its arbitrary rotation of the candle flame is not out of name. Fan Chengda, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, described the rolling lamp as follows in his poem "Thirty-two Rhyms of Wuzhong Festival and Haiku Harmony in the Upper Yuan Dynasty": "The rolling lamp is stable when the candle is thrown in the air and the ball is rolled lightly", which shows that the rolling lamp has been popular in the Southern Song Dynasty.
滚灯多在元宵佳节进行表演,最初具有祭神、祈福的寓意,经过数百年的传承与发展,现已成为一种集舞蹈、杂技、体育为一体的传统民间艺术。滚灯在各地不尽相同,按其流传地区分,主要有海盐滚灯、奉贤滚灯、余杭滚灯等种类。不仅具有观赏价值,还蕴含着丰富的文化内涵和劳动人民的智慧。
Rolling lanterns are mostly performed at the Lantern Festival. Originally, it had the meaning of offering sacrifices to gods and praying for good luck. After centuries of inheritance and development, it has become a traditional folk art integrating dance, acrobatics and sports. The rolling lamp is not the same in different places, according to its spread, mainly Haiyan rolling lamp, Fengxian rolling lamp, Yuhang rolling lamp and other types. It has ornamental value and contains rich cultural connotations and the wisdom of working people.
Chinese
Rolling lamp
PART ONE
Structural form
结构形式
滚灯的结构形式独特,由内外两层球体组成,外层大球用竹篾编成,内层小球悬空固定,小球内装有活动支架,可插蜡烛,无论如何滚动,烛火始终不灭。这种结构既体现了传统工艺的精妙,又展现了滚灯独特的艺术魅力。
The structure of the rolling lamp is unique, composed of two layers of spheres inside and outside, the outer ball is woven with bamboo strips, the inner ball is suspended and fixed, and the ball is equipped with an active bracket, which can be inserted into the candle, no matter how it rolls, the candle fire will not be extinguished. This structure not only reflects the subtlety of the traditional craft but also shows the unique artistic charm of the rolling lamp.
PART TWO
Type
滚灯类型
1.海盐滚灯
介绍:海盐滚灯是浙江民间在节庆和灯会期间表演的一种竞技舞蹈,起源于浙江省海盐县,并在海盐县长期流传,至今已有八百多年历史。清代海盐文人彭孙贻在《轮灯》诗的小序中记载了海盐滚灯表演的状况:“儿童缚竹为轮,展转相环,旋转飞覆,而灯不倾灭。壮士运之,衢中腾掷不休,曰滚灯。”可见当时滚灯在海盐十分流行。
1. Sea salt rolling lamp
Introduction: Haiyan Rolling Lantern is a kind of competitive dance performed by Zhejiang folk during festivals and lantern fairs. It originated in Haiyan County, Zhejiang Province, and has more than 800 years of history. Peng Sunyi, a writer of sea salt in the Qing Dynasty, recorded the situation of sea salt rolling lamp performance in the preface of the poem "Wheel lamp": "Children tie bamboo as a wheel, turn the phase ring, rotate and fly over, but the lamp does not fall out." When a strong man is lucky, the Quzhou tumbles endlessly, called the Rolling lamp." It can be seen that the rolling lamp was very popular in Haiyan at that time.
习俗形式:滚灯在海盐民间世代相传,每年元宵节都要进行表演,表演中,每套动作难度各不相同,有重技巧的,有重力度的。舞蹈时,除不停地上、下、左、右旋转灯具之外,还要围着灯打“虎跳”“旋子”等翻滚动作,并辅之以“晃手”“涮腰”“踏步翻身”等古典舞动作。伴奏以“急讽”锣鼓为主,并即兴配以“走马锣”“七字锣”以烘托紧张气氛。
Custom form: Rolling lamp in Haiyan folk generation, every year to perform the Lantern Festival, performance, each set of action difficulty is different, there are heavy skills, heavy strength. When dancing, in addition to constantly on the ground, down, left and right rotating lamps, but also around the lamp to play "tiger jump", "spin" and other tumbling movements, and supplemented by "shaking hands", "shaming waist", "stepping over" and other classical dance movements. The accompaniment is dominated by "ironic" gongs and drums, and impromptu "Zangma Gong" and "seven-character gong" to heighten the tension.
2.奉贤滚灯
介绍:奉贤滚灯流传于上海市奉贤区西部,至今已有七百多年历史。奉贤滚灯以12根毛竹片条扎制,分大、中、小三种规格。灯体主要由外球和内球两部分组成,内球固定在外球体中心,内装蜡烛,大球体还装有一只铁转销。以红布包裹内球的灯称为“文灯”,黑布包裹内球的则称为“武灯”。
2. Fengxian roll lamp
Introduction: Fengxian rolling lamp spread in the west of Fengxian District, Shanghai, has a history of more than 700 years. Fengxian rolling lamp with 12 hair bamboo strips, divided into large, medium and small three specifications. The lamp body is mainly composed of two parts, the outer ball and the inner ball, the inner ball is fixed in the centre of the outer ball, the candle is installed inside, and the large ball is also equipped with an iron rotary pin. The lamp with the red cloth wrapped inside the ball is called the "Wen lamp", and the black cloth wrapped inside the ball is called the "Wu lamp".
习俗形式:奉贤滚灯的各种动作套路,经过好几代人的创造发展形成了自己独特的表演风格。其中“缠腰”、“蜘蛛放丝”等十多套大灯动作集旋、跃等多种技巧于一体,别有神采;“彩云拱月”、“嫦娥盘头”等中灯动作与“小花”、“甩手”等小滚灯动作相配合,使滚灯表演呈现出多姿多彩的动人风貌。滚灯表演以锣鼓伴奏,服饰以民间戏服为主,扮演兵士者着短打服装。
Custom form: The various action routines of the Fengxian rolling lamp have formed their unique performance style after the creation and development of several generations. Among them, "waist wrap", "spider silk" and more than 10 sets of headlight actions set to spin, jump and other skills in one, unique charm; "Colorful clouds arch the moon", "Chang 'e Pan head" and other lantern movements and "small flowers", "hands off" and other small rolling lamp movements so that the rolling lamp shows a colourful and moving style. The rolling lantern performance is accompanied by gongs and drums, and the costumes are mainly folk costumes, and the soldiers play bunt costumes.
3.余杭滚灯
余杭滚灯源于浙江余杭翁梅一带,流传至今已有八百余年历史,是节庆和灯会期间表演的具有强烈竞技特点的民间舞蹈。集舞蹈、技巧、体育于一体,具有多样性、综合性、竞技性的鲜明特征,它有九套二十七个表演动作,有独特的艺术构思和典型的地域特色,展示了中华民间舞蹈杰出的创造力,对探索古代民间舞蹈具有很高的研究价值。2008年,余杭滚灯登上了奥运会开幕式的舞台。同年的7月15日,被列为首批国家级非物质文化遗产保护名录。
3. Yuhang Rolling
Yuhang Rolling Lantern originated in Wengmei area of Yuhang, Zhejiang Province. It has a history of more than 800 years. It is a folk dance with strong competitive characteristics performed during festivals and lantern fairs. It integrates dance, skills and sports, and has distinct characteristics of diversity, comprehensiveness and competition. It has nine sets of 27 performance movements, unique artistic conception and typical regional characteristics, which shows the outstanding creativity of Chinese folk dance and has high research value for exploring ancient folk dance. In 2008, the Yuhang Rolling Lantern appeared on the stage of the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games. On July 15 of the same year, it was listed as the first batch of the National Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection list.
Lights flow, intangible heritage Hua Zhang.
Spin and fly, the candle will not be extinguished.
——
PART THREE
Cultural value
文化价值
滚灯的传统表演手法即是艺术形象的体现,又是历代劳动人民期盼美好的意愿象征,体现了淳朴的民族精神。
The traditional performance technique of the rolling lamp is not only the embodiment of the artistic image, but also the symbol of the will of the working people in the past generations to look forward to the good, reflecting the simple national spirit.
作为传统民间艺术瑰宝,滚灯不仅融合了舞蹈、杂技、武术等艺术元素,展现了独特的表演形式与技艺,还承载着丰富的历史文化内涵。它见证了民间艺术的传承与发展,体现了中华民族的勤劳智慧与团结协作精神。
As a treasure of traditional folk art, Rolling Lantern not only integrates dance, acrobatics, martial arts and other artistic elements, showing unique performance forms and skills but also carries rich historical and cultural connotations. It bears witness to the inheritance and development of folk art and embodies the diligence, wisdom and spirit of unity and cooperation of the Chinese nation.
滚灯,犹如夜空中最亮的星辰,穿越历史长河,熠熠生辉。它不仅是力与美的交响,更是灵魂与技艺的共舞,每一盏滚动的灯火,都诉说着古老而绚烂的故事。在光影交错间,滚灯融合了舞蹈的柔美、杂技的惊险与武术的刚劲,编织出一幅幅动人心魄的文化画卷。它不仅是民间欢庆的使者,更是民族精神的传承者,让每一代人在观赏与传承中,都能感受到那份源自心底的骄傲与温暖。滚灯,以它独有的诗意,照亮了中华文化的璀璨篇章。
Rolling lights, like the brightest stars in the night sky, shine through the long river of history. It is not only a symphony of strength and beauty but also a dance of soul and skill. Every rolling lamp tells an ancient and splendid story. In the interlace of light and shadow, the rolling lamp integrates the soft beauty of dance, the thriller of acrobatics and the firmness of martial arts, weaving a moving cultural picture. It is not only the messenger of civil celebration but also the inheritor of the national spirit so that every generation can feel the pride and warmth from the bottom of their hearts in watching and inheriting. Rolling lamp, with its unique poetic, illuminates the brilliant chapter of Chinese culture.